
We have had periods of extremely high taxation on the top brackets (top marginal income tax rate in Eisenhower’s era was 93%), we’ve had trust-busting and regulatory crackdowns on major companies. In none of those times did the rich flee the country. At no point did the rich stop living comfortably. The rich aren’t gonna flee the United States over a tax hike. A few less billion dollars is not going to drive them hungry.
The response is that rich people can move if they want, but businesses pay taxes both based on where they are incorporated and also where they have nexus. As a business you owe tax revenue to a state based on the revenue is earned. It is not treated as personal income. Most entrepreneurs pay their personal tax liability as corporations. It does not matter where they live, it matters where their businesses are.
High taxes can make it unprofitable to do business and result in job losses but the myth of rich people fleeing to different localities is largely taking advantage of people’s ignorance regarding how and on what the wealthy actually pay taxes. It’s more complicated and when you get into the nuance there are some places where relocation can actually decrease their liability but that’s a whole other conversation after the one we should have about all the loopholes they’ve written in tax code.